The House Energy and Commerce, Ways and Means, and Agriculture Committees held hearings on key provisions of the fiscal year 2026 budget bill, which passed the House Budget Committee on Sunday following a failed vote Friday. The House Rules Committee has scheduled a hearing for Wednesday, May 21 at 1 a.m. EST to review the revised proposal.

The latest Rules Committee print includes several significant changes:

Lawmakers are continuing to negotiate the bill text as House leadership aims to send the budget to the Senate before Memorial Day.

Key Proposals in Committee Drafts

Medicaid Coverage and Enrollment Restrictions
Affordable Housing and Investment Incentives
SNAP Work Requirements and Funding Changes
Tax Credits
Nonprofit Tax Rules and Oversight

NIH and CMS Launch Partnership to Advance Autism Research

The National Institutes of Health (NIH) and the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) have formed a research partnership to investigate the root cause of autism spectrum disorder. The collaboration will begin with a data use agreement focused on analyzing healthcare utilization, chronic disease etiology and treatment, and the economic burden of chronic conditions.

Researchers will examine trends in autism diagnosis, health outcomes of specific medical and behavioral interventions, disparities in access to care by demographics and geography, and the financial impact on families and health care systems. The agencies aim to enhance data sharing to inform more equitable, effective care strategies.

U.S. Department of Education Issues Guidance on Unsafe School Choice Option

TThe U.S. Department of Education’s Office of Elementary and Secondary Education has released a Dear Colleague Letter to state education leaders, offering updated guidance on the Unsafe School Choice Option through the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (ESEA). The provision requires states to implement a policies allowing students to transfer from schools identified as unsafe or when they have been victims of violent crimes on school grounds.

The department urged states to regularly review and update the state’s definition of a “persistently dangerous school” and improve processes for collecting school safety data. It emphasized the importance of student safety and encouraged collaboration between state and local education agencies to strengthen school safety measures and enhance the learning experience provided to students.

Executive Order Establishes “Project Homecoming” for Voluntary Departures

On May 9, President Donald Trump signed an executive order launching Project Homecoming, a federal initiative to facilitate the voluntary departure of undocumented immigrants from the United States. The order authorizes federal funding for individuals who chose to leave voluntarily, even if they do not possess official travel documents.  Those who do not participate will be subject to removal, prosecution, incarceration, fines, the garnishment of wages, and the confiscation of savings and personal property. 

House Committee Weighs Benefits and Challenges of Charter Schools

The House Education and Workforce Committee held a hearing to examine the role of charter schools in addressing challenges in the U.S. education system.

Republican lawmakers highlighted charter schools’ innovative models and growing parental support, while Democrats emphasized the need for oversight, transparency, and the protection of civil rights.

Witnesses discussed expanding high-quality charter schools to improve student achievement and proposed using federal tax-exempt private activity bonds to support this growth. Genevieve Siegel-Hawley, an education professor at Virginia Commonwealth University, presented data showing that charter schools can divert resources from public schools and pose barriers to transportation and disability services for students.

The hearing underscored ongoing debates over how best to promote educational equity and access across diverse student populations.

Updates from the Judiciary 

Federal Judge Blocks New Conditions on Transit and Homelessness Grants

A federal judge has temporarily blocked the Trump administration from imposing new conditions on hundreds of millions of dollars in federal grants related to homelessness and transit services.

The U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia issued a temporary restraining order after eight cities and counties, including Boston, New York City, San Francisco, California’s Santa Clara County, and Washington state’s Pierce and Snohomish counties, filed suit. The plaintiffs challenged new grant requirements that would have forced them to eliminate equity, diversity, and inclusion policies, cooperate with federal immigration enforcement, and restrict access to abortion-related information.

Senior U.S. District Judge Barbara Rothstein ruled that the administration’s conditions were not authorized by Congress, were unrelated to the purposes of the grants, and would not improve program administration.

The order prohibits the Department of Housing and Urban Development, the Department of Transportation, and the Federal Transit Administration from enforcing the new conditions or withholding funding until May 21.

Trump Administration Reviews Mental Health Parity Rule, Pauses Legal Challenge

The Trump Administration is reconsidering a 2024 federal rule designed to strengthen mental health parity protections for Americans with private insurance.

The U.S. Justice Department asked the U.S. District Court for Washington, D.C. to pause a lawsuit challenging the rule while the Departments of Health and Human Services, Treasury, and Labor evaluate whether to rescind it. The rule, finalized in September 2024, aimed to close loopholes in the 2008 Mental Health Parity and Addiction Equity Act (MHPAEA) by targeting non-quantitative treatment limits such as poor authorization, network access, and drug formulary restrictions.

The lawsuit was brought by the ERISA Industry Committee, representing large employers which argued that the rule exceeded the agencies’ authority. Judge Timothy J. Kelly granted a temporary pause in the case and set a follow-up hearing for Aug. 7, by which time the agencies must report their decision.

In the interim, the administration has reportedly informed the ERISA Industry Committee of its intent to halt enforcement of the rule.

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On May 2, President Donald Trump released the administration’s proposed budget for fiscal year 2026, highlighting significant spending cuts to domestic programs. While presidential budgets outline policy priorities, Congress is not obligated to adopt them.

The proposal calls for more than $163 billion in cuts to non-defense spending, with major reductions targeting child welfare, education, and public health programs.

Key proposed cuts include:

Congressional Republicans aim to pass appropriations legislation by July 4, ahead of the Sept. 30 fiscal year deadline.

President Trump Signs Executive Orders on Education and Immigration

Advancing Artificial Intelligence Education for Youth

On April 23, President Trump signed an executive order establishing an Artificial Intelligence Education Task Force. The initiative aims task force is to highlight student and educator achievements in artificial intelligence (AI) and promote the adoption of emerging technology nationwide.

The order directs the secretary of education to prioritize AI integration in discretionary grant programs, including efforts to improve teacher training, evaluation, and professional development. It also encourages states and grantees to use Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act funds to support AI skills development and work-based learning.

Amending School Discipline Policies

In a separate executive order issued the same day, President Trump directed the secretary of education and the attorney general to collaborate with governors and state attorneys general to prevent racial discrimination in school discipline practices.

The order requires the Department of Education to report on what it calls the “discriminatory-equity-ideology-based” policies. The report must include an inventory and analysis of Title VI discipline investigations, model policies, and the role of federally funded nonprofits in promoting these approaches. It must also include recommendations to restrict federal funding for organizations that promote such discipline and behavior modification practices.

Reforming Accreditation in Higher Education

Also on April 23, President Trump signed an executive order directing the Department of Education to hold accreditors of higher education institutions accountable violations of federal law or failing to meet recognition criteria. The order flags equity, diversity, and inclusion (EDI) requirements for institutions as grounds for monitoring, suspension, or termination of accreditor recognition.

Following the order, the department released a Dear Colleague Letter providing updated guidance for accrediting agencies.

Enforcement of Federal Immigration Law

On April 28, President Trump signed an executive order directing the attorney general and secretary of homeland security to publish a list of states and local jurisdictions that do not comply with federal immigration law. Noncompliant jurisdictions may face legal action, loss of federal funds, and other enforcement measures.

White House Releases Report on Executive Order Targeting Gender-Affirming Care

The White House released a report detailing initial steps to implement Executive Order 14187, titled “Protecting Children from Chemical and Surgical Mutilation.” The order prohibits federal departments from funding, sponsoring, assisting, or facilitating gender affirming care. Key actions outlined in the report include:

ACF Updates Payment Processing Requirements to Improve Accountability

The Administration for Children and Families (ACF) has announced updates to its payment processing procedures aimed at increasing transparency and accountability in the use of federal funds.

Organizations using the Payment Management System are now required to provide detailed explanations for payment requests at the subaccount level. Federal awarding agencies will review these justifications and may request additional information or approve based on the details provided.

ACF advised grantees to anticipate potential payment delays by increasing the lead time between the organization’s financial need and the payment request. Additionally, grantees are encouraged to:

Head Start Encourages Family-Centered Program Design

The House and Senate passed a budget framework along partisan lines, completing the first step of budget reconciliation. The plan inThe Office of Head Start has released an information memorandum urging programs to promote parent choice in early education. Programs are encouraged to participate in state and local efforts that coordinate enrollment and services across early care and education systems.

The memorandum recommends engaging families to shape and refine program models, ensuring offerings align with community needs and support informed family decisions. Programs are also encouraged re-evaluate partnerships, particularly with community and faith-based organizations, to expand options and improve access for families.

Office of Child Care Promotes Use of CCDF for Expanded Choice

The Office of Child Care (OCC) issued an information memorandum outlining strategies to use the Child Care and Development Fund (CCDF) to enhance educational choice. Recommendations include:

OCC also emphasized the importance of improving transparency, such as providing accessible provider information and streamlining enrollment processes to help families make informed decisions.

HHS Highlights Progress Under Trump Administration

The Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) released a summary of its key initiatives during the first 100 days of President Trump’s administration. Secretary Kennedy highlighted the following actions as central to reducing chronic illness and improving public health:

HHS Releases Review on Gender Dysphoria Treatments for Youth

The Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), through the Office of the Assistant Secretary for Health and the Office of Population Affairs, released a comprehensive review of medical interventions for children and adolescents with gender dysphoria.

The report raises concerns about the risks associated with puberty blockers, cross-sex hormones, and surgeries, while noting the broader mental health challenges facing adolescents. It also highlights a lack of research on psychotherapeutic approaches for treating gender dysphoria in youth.

Updates from the Judiciary 

Supreme Court Reviews ACA Preventive Care Coverage Mandate

On April 21, the U.S. Supreme Court heard oral arguments in a case challenging the Affordable Care Act’s (ACA) mandate requiring health insurers and group plans to cover preventive services at no cost to patients. At issue is the constitutionality of delegating authority to the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), which determines the list of required services.

The USPSTF—a panel of independent experts appointed to four-year terms—has recommended coverage for services such as cancer screenings, substance use disorder evaluations, statin use, and HPV vaccinations. The legal challenge stems from the task force’s recommendation to include pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), a medication that prevents HIV, prompting Texas employers and individuals to file suit.

Plaintiffs argue the task force’s authority is unconstitutional because its members are neither presidentially appointed nor Senate-confirmed. Federal officials counter that the Secretary of Health and Human Services maintains ultimate authority by appointing and removing task force members and approving or rejecting its recommendations.

The Court is expected to rule in June. The decision could significantly affect the future of preventive care coverage under the ACA.

Federal Courts Block Enforcement of EDI-Related Funding Threats in Schools

Three federal judges have ruled against a Feb. 14 Dear Colleague Letter from the U.S. Department of Education that threatened to revoke Title I funding from schools maintaining equity, diversity, and inclusion (EDI) programs.

Chief Judge Landya B. McCafferty of the U.S. District Court for the District of New Hampshire found the guidance unconstitutionally vague, noting its lack of definitions for EDI programs or the criteria for alleged violations of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act. Similar concerns were raised by U.S. District Judge Dabney L. Friedrich of the District of Columbia.

Judge Paula Xinis of the District of Maryland issued a temporary stay preventing the administration from enforcing the funding threats. The ruling also paused compliance certification requirements for affected schools. Additionally, Judge McCafferty blocked enforcement against plaintiffs and their members, including the National Education Association, its New Hampshire affiliate, and the Center for Black Educator Development.

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Unprecedented. It’s an adjective that has increased in popularity over the past several years. As a clinical social worker with a background in mental health, this term has taken on new meaning. The COVID-19 pandemic was frequently referred to as unprecedented. The current political environment also has been referred to as unprecedented. Synonymous words could include things like uncertain, unpredictable, and scary, all of which have an impact on our mental health.

May is Mental Health Awareness Month, and it serves as an important reminder that mental health challenges are common, affecting one in five people each year, and are treatable. There has been increasing recognition that maintaining good mental health is a key component of overall health and well-being and some declines in stigma associated with specific mental health conditions in more recent years. We all need to recognize that mental health challenges are common, often have biological origins, and are a normal reaction to environmental and social conditions.

With the constant barrage of information and a steady cadence of news available to all of us, it’s easy to begin feeling anxious, sad, overwhelmed, or angry, to name just a few of the more common emotions. Unfortunately, we are surrounded by negative information that can easily erode our feelings of stability and well-being. Under these conditions, it’s important to regularly check in on yourself, your friends, colleagues, and loved ones because social connections and relationships are one of the strongest protective factors. There are easy ways to do that, whether it is a simple phone call or get together, or a free, quick, anonymous screening. In addition, there are a range of tools and resources right at our fingertips that can support our mental well-being. We all need to promote positive mental health and normalize when our or other’s mental health is declining.

We also need to help ensure that society prioritizes mental health and take action. Current congressional deliberations and discussions could significantly impact the resources that support mental health including possible reductions to Medicaid and Medicare or elimination of Certified Community Behavioral Health Clinics (CCBHCs), the restructuring of the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA), or changes to the Mental Health, Substance Use or Social Service block grant programs.

At Social Current, our federal public policy agenda includes several key mental health-related priorities including advocating for funding and legislation that supports suicide prevention hotlines and protecting Medicaid funding, which supports nearly 20% of the U.S. population. Many people are unclear how easy it can be to take action and engage in advocacy for things that are important to us. Making calls, sending emails, and sending emails to your senators and representatives are easy activities with ready-made scripts and automated processes readily available. For more information on how you can take action, check out these resources from Social Current, Mental Health America, and National Council for Mental Wellbeing.

As we recognize Mental Health Awareness Month, let’s all be sure to take good care of ourselves, take good care of our loved ones, and take action to promote and protect mental wellness for everyone.

President Donald Trump signed an executive order, Lowering Drug Prices By Once Again Putting Americans First, directing the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) to reduce prescription drug cost of and expand access. Key provisions include:

Mehmet Oz Confirmed as CMS Administrator

The Senate confirmed Dr. Mehmet Oz as the Administrator of the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) in a 53-45 vote. Oz emphasized priorities including health care cost transparency, expedited access to life saving treatments, and combating fraud and waste. He also expressed a commitment to prevention, wellness, and chronic disease management.

HHS Says Gender Dysphoria Not Enforceable Under Disability Protections

The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) clarified that gender dysphoria is not enforceable under federal disability protections outlined in its rule Nondiscrimination on the Basis of Disability in Programs or Activities Receiving Federal Financial Assistance. The department stated that the language appeared in the preamble – not the regulatory text – and therefore does not carry the force of the law.

Congress Advances Budget Framework

The House and Senate passed a budget framework along partisan lines, completing the first step of budget reconciliation. The plan includes:

These increases have raised bipartisan concerns over the federal deficit and potential cuts to health and nutrition programs. The final budget is expected to extend provisions of the 2017 Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, with a House vote anticipated by the end of May.

CMS Proposes Rule for Inpatient Psychiatric Facilities

The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) released a proposed rule updating Medicare payment policies for Inpatient Psychiatric Facilities (IPF) for fiscal year 2026. Highlights include:

CMS also proposed removing four quality reporting measures starting in CY 2024/FY 2026:

If finalized, the rule would take effect Oct. 1, 2025.

CMS Limits Future Section 1115 Waivers

The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) announced it will no longer approve or renew Section 1115 demonstration waivers for programs previously funded without Medicare dollars. These include initiatives using Designated State Health Programs or Investment Programs. CMS cited redundancy with other federal and state efforts.

Section 1115 waivers have traditionally allowed states to expand Medicaid services and address social determinants, including housing, nutrition, and workforce development.

House Panel Reviews TANF Oversight Following a GAO Report

The House Subcommittee on Work and Welfare held a hearing following the release of a Government Accountability Office (GAO) report recommending stronger oversight of Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF). Key findings include a shift in state spending from direct cash assistance to services, including job training and child welfare. GAO advised enhanced data reporting, improved assessing fraud risk assessments, and better tracking of audit resolutions.

Roxane Somerlot, director of the Marion County Department of Job and Family Services, testified on the value of TANF-funded services, highlighting child care, youth employment programs, and supports for families nearing income thresholds that affect benefit eligibility.

SNAP Employment Programs Highlighted in House Agriculture Hearing

The House Committee on Agriculture explored strategies to increase employment among Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) participants.

Chairman Glenn “GT” Thompson (R-Pa.) emphasized the importance of work requirements and SNAP Employment and Training (E&T) programs. Witnesses shared personal success stories, though studies show mixed results on work requirement effectiveness for able-bodied adults without dependents.

Recommendations included ensuring consistent implementation of work requirements and supporting the Training and Nutrition Stability Act, which would exempt temporary training income from benefit eligibility calculations.

Updates from the Judiciary 

Supreme Court Upholds Pause on Teacher Training Grants

The U.S. Supreme Court reversed a lower court ruling that would have required the Trump administration to temporarily reinstate $250 million in teacher training grants across eight states.

The grants were terminated because they supported programs that included equity, diversity,  and inclusion (EDI) components. The justices ruled that the pause would cause permanent harm to the states while litigation proceeds and noted that once disbursed, the federal government would likely be unable to recover the funds.

Four justices dissented, arguing the administration failed to justify the cancellations and that the case did not warrant emergency review. They also raised concerns about the impact on teacher shortages and long-term harm to the public education systems in the affected states.

Supreme Court Backs Federal Regulation of Ghost Guns

In a 7-2 decision, the Supreme Court upheld the Biden Administration’s regulation of ghost guns, untraceable firearms assembled from kits or parts often purchased online. These weapons lack serial numbers, making them difficult to trace and increasingly appealing to individuals barred from owning firearms, including minors, domestic abusers, and gun traffickers.

The rule, based on the Gun Control Act of 1968, redefines “frame and receiver” to bring ghost guns under federal oversight. Challengers argued the rule could apply to any ghost guns, but the Court affirmed that the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives (ATF) has authority to regulate such parts kits.

The ruling keeps the regulation in effect but allows for further legal challenges regarding how it applies to specific cases.

Subscribe to the Policy and Advocacy Radar to receive our biweekly policy roundup, which includes commentary on issues in Social Current’s federal policy agenda, opportunities to take action, and curated news and opportunities.

“There’s always an opportunity to become a better advocate,” said Jonathan Vasquez, government relations and advocacy assistant at Children’s Institute in Los Angeles. “That’s what the families and communities we serve at the Children’s Institute deserve—people who have the expertise and knowledge to be effective champions of the work.”

Using a whole-family approach, Children’s Institute helps children and families discover strengths and develop skills that create enduring success. For over 20 years, its Project Fatherhood program has provided parenting support to 15,000 men in caregiver roles in Los Angeles.

“After hearing directly from those we serve how often they felt disregarded, forgotten, and disposable, there was a desire to center the emotional and behavioral well-being of fathers in our work,” said Vasquez. “Centering community and lived experience in policy solutions ensures the dreams and aspirations of the communities we serve are reflected.”

After hearing the input of fathers and participating in several advocacy trainings hosted by Social Current, Children’s Institute recognized a need to advocate within all levels of government to bolster and expand this work.

Engaging over 100 fathers, community partners, and government agencies, Children’s Institute held a series of listening sessions that allowed LA County representatives to hear directly from fathers impacted by systemic inequity. These sessions resulted in 27 recommendations advanced by the county in areas including child services, mental health, economic support, and the justice system.

Children’s Institute’s Government Relations & Advocacy and Project Fatherhood teams cultivated a network of elected officials to champion father well-being and amplify a new narrative about fathers. The effort declared June “Fatherhood Well-Being Month” each year in the state of California through House Resolution 36.

With several federally funded initiatives—including Project Fatherhood—Children’s Institute seeks to expand its advocacy efforts at the federal level. Recently, the Government Relations & Advocacy team attended Social Current’s 2024 Advocacy Amplified Training and Hill Day, where they were able to advocate for Head Start funding to further propel their programs forward. Social Current staff also reviewed and provided feedback on their public policy and advocacy agenda to ensure greater impact.

“We are so thankful for our partnership with Social Current,” said Terry Kim, director of government relations and advocacy at Children’s Institute. “They facilitate opportunities to connect with organizations across the country, enhancing our impact and supporting our growth to be stronger advocates for our communities.”

Connect Local Voices to National Advocacy: Join Us in Washington, D.C.

Join Social Current for the Advocacy Amplified Training and Hill Day, taking place June 16–18 in Washington, D.C. This dynamic two-day training and advocacy day on Capitol Hill will equip you with the tools, strategies, and confidence to be a powerful advocate for your organization and community.

Whether you’re new to advocacy or looking to sharpen your approach, this is your opportunity to learn alongside peers, engage directly with lawmakers on Capitol Hill, and make your voice heard.

Social Current also offers customizable solutions to help organizations expand their advocacy efforts and increase their impact–from advocacy and government relations advising, strategy development, and more.

On March 27, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) announced a significant restructuring aligned with President Trump’s executive order on government efficiency and workforce optimization.

The plan reduces HHS regional offices from 10 to five and eliminates an additional 10,000 positions, following previous downsizing efforts. In addition to HHS staff reductions, the Administration for Children and Families (ACF) has announced the immediate closure of five regional offices—Regions 1, 2, 5, 9, and 10—effective April 1. The restructuring consolidates existing divisions into 15 new units, including a newly established Administration for a Healthy America (AHA).

AHA will integrate several agencies—the Office of the Assistant Secretary for Health, Health Resources and Services Administration, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, and National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. Its focus will include primary care, maternal and child health, mental health, environmental health, HIV/AIDS, and workforce development.

HHS also plans to establish a new Assistant Secretary for Enforcement to oversee the Departmental Appeals Board, Office of Medicare Hearings and Appeals, and Office for Civil Rights—aiming to curb waste, fraud, and abuse in federal health programs. Additionally, the Administration for Community Living will be absorbed into other HHS agencies, including the Administration for Children and Families, Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation, and Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services.

Lawmakers Examine Fair Labor Standards Act in Light of Modern Workforce

On March 25, the Subcommittee on Workforce Protections held a hearing to evaluate the Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA), focusing on its effectiveness, challenges, and potential updates for today’s workforce.

Enacted in 1938, the FLSA established a federal minimum wage, overtime pay requirements, and child labor protections. With the rise of independent work and changes in technology and workplace practices, both lawmakers and witnesses called for reforms to better reflect the current labor landscape.

Witnesses emphasized the need for clearer definitions of employers, employees, and work to ensure fair pay. They urged updates to how overtime pay is calculated, along with clearer criteria for exempt status and compensable time.

Additional recommendations included strengthening the U.S. Department of Labor’s enforcement authority and enabling flexible schedules, learning opportunities, and nontraditional work arrangements to meet the evolving needs of workers and employers alike.

Congress Explores AI’s Role in K-12 Education

The Subcommittee on Early Childhood, Elementary, and Secondary Education held a hearing to examine the evolving role of technology in schools, with a focus on the opportunities and challenges of artificial intelligence (AI) in the classroom.

Lawmakers and witnesses discussed how schools can equip students to use AI responsibly while maximizing its benefits. A key theme was the need for standardized data protections that uphold student privacy.

Witnesses called for a strong federal framework to support cybersecurity infrastructure and interoperability standards. They also emphasized the importance of continued research to assess AI-related risks and of increased funding to close the digital divide and ensure equitable access to technology.

The hearing highlighted how AI can empower educators to personalize instruction, support students with disabilities, and better prepare students for a rapidly changing workforce. Witnesses noted that early exposure to AI tools could give students a long-term advantage in navigating emerging career paths.

Federal Student Aid Reopens IDR and Loan Consolidation Applications

The U.S. Department of Education’s Office of Federal Student Aid has reopened applications for income-driven repayment (IDR) plans and loan consolidation, following updates to comply with a federal court order.

The revisions stem from a Feb. 18 injunction issued by the 8th Circuit Court of Appeals, which temporarily blocks the Department from implementing the Saving on a Valuable Education (SAVE) Plan and certain provisions of other IDR plans. The injunction prohibits the use of the SAVE formula to calculate monthly payments and halts loan forgiveness under the SAVE, Pay As You Earn (PAYE), and Income-Contingent Repayment (ICR) plans.

Despite these restrictions, borrowers can still apply for the Income-Based Repayment (IBR), PAYE, and ICR plans using the updated application. 

Updates from the Judiciary 

Supreme Court Hears Arguments Surrounding Tax Exemption for Religious Organizations 

Catholic Charities Bureau Inc. is challenging a Wisconsin Supreme Court decision that denied the organization a religious exemption from state unemployment insurance taxes. The nonprofit argues that the state unconstitutionally rejected its exemption request, which Wisconsin law allows for organizations operated primarily for religious purposes.

Wisconsin contends that, while the organization may be religiously motivated, its services – such as job training for people with disabilities – are secular in nature and therefore do not qualify for the exemption.

The Wisconsin Supreme Court sided with the state, ruling that Catholic Charities is not operated primarily for religious purposes. The organization appealed, and the U.S. Supreme Court heard oral arguments on March 31.

Justices appeared likely to rule in Catholic Charities’ favor but expressed concern about the broader implications of expanding religious exemptions. Wisconsin’s Assistant Attorney General warned that such a ruling could jeopardize unemployment coverage for more than one million employees nationwide, including those working in religiously affiliated hospitals.

A decision from The Supreme Court is expected by the end of June.

Federal Court Blocks Enforcement of EDI Certification Requirement for DOL Grantees

A federal judge in the Northern District of Illinois has temporarily blocked the Department of Labor from enforcing part of an executive order that requires grantees to certify they do not operate equity, diversity, and inclusion (EDI) programs that violate federal anti-discrimination laws.

The judge ruled that the certification requirement likely violates free speech rights. The decision noted that the executive order’s vague language and lack of clear definitions of “illegal” EDI programs could lead to self-censorship by grantees seeking to avoid financial penalties.

The order extends to all Labor Department contractors and grant recipients and remains in place until April 10 while the court considers a permanent injunction.  

Federal Court Blocks Termination of Refugee Resettlement Contracts

The U.S. District Court for the Western District of Washington has issued an injunction halting the cancellation of contracts under the U.S. Refugee Admission Program (USRAP). The ruling follows an earlier nationwide injunction against an executive order that temporarily suspended refugee admissions.

In response to that first injunction, Secretary of State Marco Rubio moved to terminate all domestic resettlement agency cooperative agreements for reception and placement services, as well as all but one agreement supporting USRAP processing abroad.

Judge Whitehead ruled that the termination of these agreements would “effectively dismantle” USRAP and violate the earlier court order. The new injunction aims to preserve the status quo and prevent irreversible harm to refugee resettlement infrastructure as litigation proceeds.

Subscribe to the Policy and Advocacy Radar to receive our biweekly policy roundup, which includes commentary on issues in Social Current’s federal policy agenda, opportunities to take action, and curated news and opportunities.

In the world of policy and advocacy, personal stories have the power to drive change. Whether you are an emerging advocate or a seasoned professional, harnessing the strength of your lived experience can influence decision makers. Use these tips to translate your story into meaningful action.

The Power of Your Story

Many advocates hesitate to share their experiences, feeling uncertain about how to craft their narrative or make a compelling ask. However, your story is one of the most powerful tools at your disposal. It provides a human element that data and statistics alone cannot convey. To take back your narrative, consider:

From Narrative to Action

Once you have crafted your story, the next step is to turn your advocacy into action. To make your engagement effective, remember to:

A simple thank you note is more than just courtesy—it keeps the conversation going and reinforces your connection with decision-makers.

Join me for a free webinar April 2 from 1-2 p.m. ET to learn more and get started on your advocacy journey.

Strengthening Your Advocacy Efforts

Taking your advocacy to the next level requires skills, training, and a network of like-minded changemakers. That’s where Social Current’s Advocacy Amplified Training and Hill Day comes in. This event equips advocates with the tools to effectively share their narratives, make strategic asks, and engage with policymakers at the highest levels. Register to join us in Washington, D.C., June 16-18 to strengthen your skills and meet with legislators on Capitol Hill.

Additionally, Social Current’s Grassroots Advocacy Network offers year-round opportunities to connect with other advocates, receive guidance from policy experts, and stay informed on critical issues affecting human and social services. By joining this network, you become part of a collective voice that influences policies and drives real change.

Own Your Narrative, Drive Change

Advocacy is about more than just sharing experiences—it’s about making a difference. By confidently owning your story, making clear asks, and engaging with decision-makers, you can create a lasting impact. Whether you’re new to advocacy or looking to refine your approach, Social Current offers resources and consulting that can help you become a stronger, more effective advocate.

Your voice matters—use it to shape the future.

Learn more about Social Current’s Government Affairs and Advocacy Impact Area.

On March 20, President Donald Trump issued an executive order directing the Secretary of Education to take all necessary steps to facilitate the closure of the Department of Education. The order intends to return authority over education to the states and their local communities. 

The Secretary of Education, Linda McMahon, issued a statement stating that “closing the Department does not mean cutting off funds from those who depend on them.” McMahon affirmed the Department’s commitment to supporting K-12 students, students with special needs, college student borrowers, and others who rely on essential programs.  

Although terminating the Department of Education requires Congress to pass directed legislation, the order follows significant staffing reductions that will hinder the Department of Education’s ability to function effectively.  

CMS Rescinds Medicaid’s Health-Related Social Needs Guidance 

The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid issued an informational bulletin announcing its recission of 2023 and 2024 guidance explaining how states could access Medicaid coverage for health-related social needs (HRSNs), including through Section 1115 demonstrations. The demonstrations fund opportunities for states to create trial projects to assist Medicaid beneficiaries in accessing essential health care services. The guidance also rescinds the HRSN framework published by CMS in 2023. 

The demonstrations enabled states to provide support through Medicaid and the Children’s Health Insurance Program, including toward: 

The policy change does not apply to existing HRSN programs that Medicaid covers; however, it may impact states’ ability to renew their coverage policies. CMS will continue to consider state requests for Medicaid coverage of HRSNs on a case-by-case basis to determine whether they comply with other federal requirements.   

President Trump Signs Continuing Resolution 

Congress approved a continuing resolution (CR) that will extend government funding through September. The CR increases funding for the Food and Drug Administration, including by allocating an additional $500 million for the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children. It also extends funding for Temporary Assistance for Needy Families, Community Health Centers, the National Health Service Corps, and the Special Diabetes Program. 

The resolution also calls for funding cuts, including:  

CMS Offers Flexibility for State Medicaid and CHIP FFS Program Deadlines 

The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services offered additional time for states struggling to implement a rule that would require fee-for-service Medicaid programs to improve the timeliness of prior authorization decisions (CMS-0057-F). 

The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services Interoperability and Prior Authorization final rule established that, beginning January 1, 2026, state Medicaid and Children’s Health Insurance Program fee-for-service programs send prior authorization decisions within established timeframes: 72 hours for expedited requests and seven calendar days for standard requests. When prior authorizations are denied, the reason for the denial must be communicated to providers. 

However, CMS recognizes the unique challenges and extenuating circumstances states may face as they implement the adjusted timeframes. The agency expressed its commitment to working with state Medicaid and CHIP FFS programs to discuss situational challenges and identify a target compliance date.  

Senate Committee on Aging Holds a Hearing on Senior Loneliness 

The United States Senate Special Committee on Aging held a hearing to discuss the epidemic of rising social isolation and loneliness among American seniors and the severe harm it poses to their health and safety. Witnesses and senators lamented the increased risk to seniors’ physical and mental health, memory and thinking skills, and potential to participate in the workforce.  

Committee members and witnesses discussed risk factors, including the decline of multi-generational living, declining participation in community and civic life, and barriers to physical and financial mobility. Witnesses recommended strengthening federal programs and aging services, investing in meal programs, and expanding intergenerational programs. They also advocated for enhancing Medicare’s role in addressing loneliness including through wellness visits with routine screenings, supporting caregivers, improving transportation access, and strengthening digital inclusion. 

House Committee on Education and Workforce Holds a Hearing on School Choice  

The Subcommittee on Early Childhood, Elementary, and Secondary Education detailed declining education outcomes and stressed the trend’s harm to children’s futures and America’s prosperity and security. Chairman Kiley (R-CA) introduced school choice as a critical place for reform, including through conventional vouchers, education savings account vouchers, tax credit scholarship vouchers, and tax credits.  

Ranking Member Bonamici (D-Ore.) affirmed the importance of school choice through magnet schools, public charter schools, and inter-district and intra-district open enrollment policies. However, Bonamici also emphasized the importance of public schools’ federal civil right protections against discrimination and segregation and stressed the lack of accountability in private schools. 

Several witnesses spoke in favor of private schools and the safety and academic quality they offer. Dr. Michael McShane, the director of national research at EdChoice, a nonprofit whose mission is to advance educational freedom and choice as a pathway to successful lives and a stronger society, cited studies that demonstrated how school choice programs generally help raise participants’ academic results. In seventeen random assignment studies, eleven found positive results for some or all students, four found no effect, and two found negative effects.  

Nevertheless, Jessica Levin, the litigation director for the Education Law Center, a nonprofit that strives to safeguard students’ right to a high-quality education, spoke against private schools and raised concerns about their limited quality and accountability standards. Levin refuted the evidence provided by the previous witnesses presented and shared studies of worsening academic outcomes in private schools. She also stressed uncovered expenses, including transportation and books, the loss of federal protections public schools offer to students with disabilities, and the harm of diverting federal and state funds from underfunded public schools. 

Head Start Grantees Instructed to Remove EDI from Training and Expenditures

On March 21, the Administration for Children and Families (ACF) announced that the Office of Head Start will not approve the use of federal funding for training, technical assistance, or other program expenditures that promote or participate in equity, diversity, and inclusion (EDI) initiatives. This decision also applies to expenditures for services provided by contractors or vendors.

Acting Assistant Secretary Andrew Gradison further advised Head Start grant recipients to carefully review their funding applications, including the budget and budget justification narrative, training and technical assistance plans, program goals, and any other supplemental materials, before submitting their next application.

This announcement aligns with an executive order issued by President Trump, which directs federal agencies and departments to eliminate EDI initiatives.

Updates from the Judiciary 

Executive Orders Prohibiting Federal EDI Efforts Temporarily Reinstated 

The 4th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals is allowing the Trump administration to temporarily reinstate two executive orders that prohibited equity, diversity, and inclusion (EDI) efforts at federal agencies and government contractors as litigation continues.  

Ending Radical and Wasteful Government EDI Programs and Preferencing directs federal agencies to abolish all EDI programs within the federal government. Ending Illegal Discrimination and Restoring Merit-Based Opportunity requires recipients of federal grants and contracts to certify that they do not operate unlawful EDI programs, and it directs federal officials to “encourage” the private sector to end EDI. 

Judges within the 4th Circuit maintained that the partial, nationwide preliminary injunction previously issued was premature but noted the administration might violate free speech and other rights if the orders are enforced too aggressively. The verdict does not determine the legality of the executive orders, and the lawsuit remains pending.  

Supreme Court Agrees to Determine the Constitutionality of Conversion Therapy Ban 

The Supreme Court agreed to hear a lawsuit questioning the constitutionality of Colorado’s ban on conversion therapy for minors. The American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry defines conversion therapies, or reparative therapies, as interventions that alter same-sex attractions or an individual’s gender expression to align with heterosexuality. 

The lawsuit was filed by Kaley Chiles, a licensed counselor and a practicing Christian, who maintained Colorado’s law violates her First Amendment rights to free speech and to freely exercise her religion.  

The U.S. Court of Appeals upheld Colorado’s law because it was enacted based on the evidence of conversion therapy’s harm. Rather than speech, the court determined the law sought to regulate the health care profession and therapists’ conduct.  

The Supreme Court’s hearings will likely be held in the fall, and its decision will likely be issued in the summer of 2026. The verdict will decide whether state and local governments can enforce laws banning conversion therapy for LGBTQ+ children. 

The Department of Health and Human Services will no longer use notice-and-comment rulemaking procedures for matters relating to agency management or personnel or to public property, loans, grants, benefits, or contracts. The change in agency practice is expected to grant Secretary Robert F. Kennedy Jr. more discretion and reduce administrative hurdles while setting department policy.

Agencies typically publish proposed rules or notices in the Federal Register, open a time-limited comment period, and review and assess those comments before publishing a final version. The rule change empowers HHS agencies and offices with the discretion to apply notice and comment procedures to these matters but does not require them to do so unless otherwise required by law.

OCR Rescinds Prior Administration Guidance on Civil Rights and Health Information Privacy for Transgender Youth 

The Acting Director of HHS’ Office for Civil Rights rescinded the HHS Notice and Guidance on Gender Affirming Care, Civil Rights, and Patient Privacy. The guidance was issued in 2022 and outlined the application of federal civil rights and patient privacy laws to support transgender medical interventions. OCR Acting Director Anthony Archeval stated that the 2022 OCR Notice and Guidance no longer represents the views or policies of HHS OCR. 

The rescission was made to align with Executive Order 14187, “Protecting Children from Chemical and Surgical Mutilation.” Acting Director Archeval stressed that HHS will not promote, assist, or support “the so-called ‘transition’ of a child from one sex to another, and it will rigorously enforce all laws that prohibit or limit these destructive and life-altering procedures.” The rescission also aligns with Administration policy in Executive Order 14168, “Defending Women from Gender Ideology Extremism and Restoring Biological Truth to the Federal Government.” 

Secretary of Agriculture Publishes Vision for the Department’s 16 Nutrition Programs 

Secretary Rollins released her guiding principles, encouraging states to partner as innovative collaborators. She stressed the importance of minimizing fraud, waste, and abuse, establishing clear expectations that SNAP recipients capable of working, do, and promoting healthy choices and outcomes.  

The Secretary affirmed her commitment to offering technical assistance and ongoing dialogue to state, tribal, territory, and local government partners. She pledged to work collaboratively to find bold and sustainable solutions that deliver effective programs to families. 

U.S. Senate Committee on Aging Hosts a Hearing to Discuss the Opioid Epidemic 

Chairman Scott (R-Fla.) and Ranking Member Gillibrand (D-NY) stressed the importance of urgent action to address the opioid crisis and increase access to preventative measures. The senators highlighted proposed legislation, including the Overcoming Prevalent Inadequacies in Overdose Information Data Sets Act and Supporting Families through Addiction Act of 2023. They also expressed gratitude for community-wide efforts led by law enforcement, community leaders, and governors.  

Alongside representatives, witnesses spoke to the need for a holistic approach that includes prevention, treatment, and support for grandfamilies. They highlighted the importance of Medicaid and Medicare, interdisciplinary care teams with addiction specialist physicians, and non-opioid options for chronic pain relief. Additionally, witnesses advocated for robust data collection and stressed the importance of financial stability, especially as many older adults live on fixed incomes.  

A Hearing with Sanctuary City Mayors 

The House Oversight and Government Reform Committee held a hearing with the mayors of Boston, Chicago, Denver, and New York City. The hearing follows an investigation created by Committee Chairman James Comer (R-Ky.) to examine the policies of sanctuary jurisdictions and their impact on public safety and federal immigration enforcement. 

While sanctuary cities do not have a single definition, they typically refer to a broad range of policies that limit cooperation with federal immigration enforcement actions. The mayors stressed that their city policies build trust between residents and police, in turn promoting safety and reducing crime. They highlighted the importance of investing in housing, nutrition, and healthcare and utilizing public safety resources wisely. The mayors additionally illustrated the legacy immigration has offered their cities and encouraged Congress to open additional pathways to immigration. However, several representatives expressed concern for public safety and maintained that the cities’ policies violate federal law by failing to cooperate with federal agents. 

Federal Budgetary Updates 

The Senate and House approved the Fiscal Year 2025 budget resolution along party lines. The Senate voted in favor 52 to 48 and the House, 217 to 216. The funding prioritizes border security, the military, and energy independence, but it does not address the expiring provisions of the 2017 Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (TCJA). 

The 2017 Tax Cuts and Jobs Act temporarily expanded the child tax credit, increased the adjusted gross income limit for cash donations made to public charities from 50% to 60%, and offered an employer credit for paid family and medical leave. Several critical provisions are set to expire on Dec. 31, which would jeopardize key funding streams, workforce stability, and service delivery for nonprofits. 

However, renewing the credits would require significant funding. Without the TCJA provisions, the House Budget is expected to increase the deficit by $4.8 trillion. Congress is expected to offset the costs through reductions to Medicaid and social services, including TANF, SNAP, and WIC. 

As the House and Senate work to find agreement on a proposed budget, they are expected to pass an additional continuing resolution as the current resolution will expire federal funding on March 14.  

President Trump Issues an Executive Order Surrounding Public Service Loan Forgiveness

On March 7, President Trump issued an executive order to prevent individuals employed by organizations with a substantial illegal purpose from becoming eligible for public service loan forgiveness. The order, Restoring Public Service Loan Forgiveness, tasks the secretaries of the Education Department and Treasury Department with ensuring that the definition of public service excludes organizations that support terrorism, violate immigration laws, and commit child abuse, including through providing gender-affirming care.

Sector Updates from the Judiciary  

Ongoing Legal Challenges to the Trump Administration’s Executive Orders  

Several executive orders issued by the Trump Administration have been granted preliminary injunctions. Previously, executive orders limiting access to gender-affirming care, pausing federal funding for nongovernmental organizations, and stopping the recognition of birthright citizenship were granted temporary restraining orders. Temporary restraining orders last up to fourteen days and are intended to provide short-term relief to prevent permanent injury, loss, or damage. Preliminary injunctions may remain in place for months or years while a lawsuit is pending. Most recently, preliminary injunctions were issued against executive orders freezing funding for refugee resettlement programs and federal financial assistance, allowing immigration raids in places of worship, stopping the recognition of birthright citizenship, and limiting access to gender-affirming care. 

By granting preliminary injunctions, executive orders will not go into effect until a judge issues their ruling. However, preliminary injunctions can be appealed. 

Trump Administration Prepares to Withdraw Emergency Abortion Lawsuit 

The US, Idaho, and the state lawmakers agreed to dismiss a lawsuit over whether Idaho can prohibit health-care providers from performing abortions when necessary to treat an emergency medical condition. 

The former secretary of the US Department of Health and Human Services sued Idaho in 2022 because of a provision that may have been interpreted as designating emergency abortion care illegal. Then-Secretary Xavier Becerra sued the state, arguing that the abortion law’s provision irreconcilably conflicted with hospitals’ obligations under the federal emergency care statute. 

The lawsuit raised the question of whether states are allowed to prosecute doctors for performing abortions to stabilize emergency medical conditions, despite the Federal Emergency Medical Treatment and Active Labor Act’s directive that Medicare hospitals provide emergency services regardless of patients’ ability to pay. 

The Trump administration’s decision to withdraw the lawsuit will allow emergency abortions to remain legal, although it does mark a departure from the Biden administration’s efforts to clarify that federal directives on emergency health care take precedence over state abortion bans. 

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Social Current has published an executive order tracker to assist in navigating the executive orders issued by President Trump. The tracker briefly reviews key executive orders and memoranda signed by President Trump and actions his administration is directed to take.  

U.S. Committee on Oversight Holds a Hearing on Welfare Programs  

The U.S. Committee on Oversight and Government Reform held a hearing on Feb. 11 to discuss social safety net programs, including nutrition, housing, and health care assistance. Ranking Member Krishnamoorthi (D-Ill.) and Michael Linden, the senior policy fellow for the Washington Center for Equitable Growth, emphasized the programs’ substantial impact on improving families’ quality of life. 

Robert Rector, the senior research fellow for the Heritage Foundation’s Center for Health and Welfare, warned of the potential of welfare programs to disincentivize marriage and encouraged strengthening work requirements. Patrice Onwuka, the director of the Independent Women’s Forum’s Center for Economic Opportunity, spoke about the cost of the programs and recommended reforming eligibility and participation. 

Robert F. Kennedy Jr. Confirmed as the U.S. Secretary of Health and Human Services 

Robert F. Kennedy Jr. was sworn in as head of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services on Feb. 13 after the Senate voted in favor of his confirmation, largely along party lines, as 52 Republican senators voted in favor.  

During the swearing-in ceremony, President Trump stressed Kennedy’s commitment to rebuilding trust in America’s public health system through transparency. President Trump also spoke of his Make America Healthy Again Commission, which will be chaired by Kennedy and investigate the rise of chronic illnesses among youth.  

In addition to transparency, Kennedy emphasized returning “gold-standard science” to the National Institutes of Health, Food and Drug Administration, and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and “ending the corruption, … getting rid of the people on those panels that have conflicts of interest.”

Brooke Rollins Confirmed as the U.S. Secretary of Agriculture 

Brooke Rollins was sworn in as the U.S. Secretary of Agriculture on Feb. 13 after the Senate voted in favor of her confirmation, with 72 senators voting in favor. Following her confirmation, Rollins issued a statement expressing her firm commitment to American farmers, ranchers, and the agriculture community. 

President Trump Signs Executive Order to Establish the Make America Healthy Again Commission  

On Feb. 13, President Trump signed an executive order to establish the Make America Healthy Again Commission. The commission was created to address critical health challenges, including rising rates of mental health disorders, obesity, diabetes, and other chronic diseases. The order mandates increased research, transparency of findings, and flexibility for health insurance coverage to provide benefits supporting disease prevention. The commission’s focus will initially center on understanding and addressing the childhood chronic disease crisis. 

President Trump Signs Executive Order to End COVID-19 Vaccine Mandates in Schools 

On Feb. 15, President Trump signed an executive order that maintains discretionary Federal funds shouldn’t be directed toward any educational agency or school, including institutions of higher education, that requires  COVID-19 vaccination for students to attend any in-person education program. 

The order also directs the Secretary of Education to issue guidelines to educational agencies and schools regarding their legal obligations to parental authority, religious freedom, disability accommodations, and equal protection under the law and their impact on coercive COVID-19 school mandates. 

U.S. Department of Education Releases a Dear Colleague Letter Directing Schools to End Racial Preferences 

The U.S. Department of Education issued a Dear Colleague Letter on Feb. 15 to notify educational institutions receiving federal funds that they must stop using race preferences and stereotypes as a factor for, but not limited to: 

The letter stated that institutions that fail to comply risk being investigated and losing federal funding. The Department of Education will begin assessing compliance with the directive no later than March 1.  

Sector Updates from the Judiciary  

Executive Order Restricting Access to Gender Affirming Care Temporarily Blocked  
Two federal courts, the U.S. District Court for the District of Maryland and the U.S. District Court for the Western District of Washington, temporarily blocked an executive order restricting gender affirming care for transgender individuals younger than age 19. The temporary restraining order was issued on Feb. 13 and will remain in place nationally until the 27 unless extended. While the orders are in place, medical institutions cannot have federal funding revoked.  

DEI Executive Orders Temporarily Blocked 
The U.S. District Court for the District of Maryland issued a partial, nationwide preliminary injunction for two executive orders: “Ending Radical Government DEI Programs and Preferencing,” and “Ending Illegal Discrimination and Restoring Merit-Based Opportunity.” The court determined that the order is too vague to be enforced as they fail to define key terms, including “DEI” and “equity-related.”   

The court ruled that the Trump administration is not allowed to terminate “equity-related” grants or contracts. The language of the executive orders is too vague for recipients of government grants to know how to bring their grants into compliance. Without clear reasoning or guidelines, the termination of grants may be arbitrary and discriminatory. 

The administration also cannot require federal contractors and grant recipients to certify that they do not engage in any “equity-related” programs. 

U.S. Appeals Court Continues to Pause SAVE Program for Student Loans 
The Eight Circuit Court of Appeals returned a lawsuit challenging the constitutionality of the Saving on a Valuable Education (SAVE) Plan to the district court. Payments will remain frozen as litigation continues.  

The SAVE Program allows borrowers to enroll in income-driven repayment plans that lower their monthly federal student loan bills. The rule also cancels loans after 10 years of payments for those who borrowed $12,000 or less, increasing by 1 year for every additional $1,000 of the borrower’s original balance. Approximately 7.5 million borrowers have enrolled in the SAVE program. 

The lawsuit was brought by a coalition of several Republican states: Missouri, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, North Dakota, Ohio, and Oklahoma. The states maintained that the U.S. Department of Education and former President Joe Biden lacked the authority to pursue a student debt relief program designed to lower monthly payments and accelerate loan forgiveness. 

The Eight Circuit Court of Appeals agreed that the U.S. Department of Education exceeded its authority. They maintained the Higher Education Act provision that allows for income-based loan repayment plans to adopt debt forgiveness cannot be transferred to the scale provided by President Biden’s SAVE Plan. The court asserted that the text of the Higher Education Act does not align with the SAVE Plan and Congress’ explicit terms for creating repayment plans. 

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